Analyse item 1 a newspaper article from ‘ The Guardian’ Essay

I am writing an assignment which is on media. The two sources I have been given to analyse is a leaflet from ‘ The Salvation Army’ and a newspaper article from ‘ The Guardian. ‘ Both are based on the subject of homelessness. The problem of homelessness is a very unsettled issue. It is evident in many countries but in the UK it is concentrated in London. The two items are different, as one is an article from a broad sheet newspaper whereas item 2 is a leaflet asking for donation for a charity which helps the homeless. The article on homelessness states many facts on the reasons why homelessness is an issue which is faced by many people today. It is estimated that â€Å"419, 400† individuals have been accepted homeless by the local authorities in which many are living in a â€Å"sub standard† condition and are not even included in the statistics. This means that there are many out there who are regarded homeless and are yet not to be found. The main reason that people are homeless is the fact that most of them are â€Å"rough sleepers† who go about during the day and sleep wherever there is a dry place. It is mentioned that the majority are â€Å"single people†. This may have been due to the fact that many of them leave home at a young age and are unable to support themselves financially and resulting in not having kids. It is estimated tat â€Å"90%† of the homeless population is male. One may think why? The answer to this is due to the fact of excess consumption of alcohol resulting in spending a huge amount of money and leading to bankruptcy and not affording to a good life. People who are † dependant on non prescribed drugs† are also homeless because they spend most of their income on drugs. It is also stated that those who suffer from â€Å"multiple social problems† are mostly either family problems or are kicked out due to other problems. They suffer mentally as these problems mount up leading them to leave home and run away with no benefits and live on the streets without a fixed home. As homelessness is increasing, government intends to abolish the problem by setting up plans for the future, which may help in development. The newspaper states that in order for this plan to work out successfully, the government proposed many new acts since 1980’s Due to â€Å"public outcry† against â€Å"doss houses† many of these houses were closed down, in return new warm â€Å"hostels† were opened; the downside to this improvement was that it was â€Å"insufficient† as by 1989 they were, â€Å"5000 fewer beds than there were 10 years ago. † By 1990 the government estimated 1000 to 2000 people were sleeping rough in central London. Along the government response to this was the Department of the Environment had launched a â€Å"three year i 90,000,000 rough sleepers initiative (RSI) in which they funded resettlement workers, temporary cold workers and a permanent accommodation† for rough sleepers to move on. Other authorities like the Department of Health launched a â€Å"homeless mentally ill initiative† to provide a more high care hostels for those with mental problems. Because of its success, the initiatives were â€Å"renewed† for a further 3 years in 1993. By 1995, the government reported that the number of rough sleepers in London dropped to around â€Å"270† which means it was successful. The problem of homelessness was reported in the newspaper article in the Guardian. Now I will analyse an extract of a leaflet from ‘ The Salvation Army’ which helps to tackle the problem of homelessness. ‘The Salvation Army’ is an agency, which works on people’s contributions to continue the agency’s work on helping homeless people. ‘The Salvation Army’ is â€Å"a provider of accommodation† for those who are single and homeless all year round. This group has â€Å"developed† a † successful programme† for helping people to find â€Å"permanent homes. † This means that ‘the Salvation Army’ is not only working on short-term projects but also on long term projects to ensure safety for the future and help build their lives. An example of a successful help project is Jim. It is stated that Jim was a success because of many people’s â€Å"generosity† which enabled a â€Å"brighter future for Jim. † Home for Jim was not good. He lived on a hill amongst â€Å"brambles†, because of the reason that his life living on the streets was disappointing, and also the reason about the time he got is hopes high of getting a job that was refused, because of â€Å"the interviewer took one look at his crumpled clothes† his hopes of living a good life with a fresh start was shattered and he was left where he started from. But then ‘ the Salvation Army’ stepped in. Once the Army hears a person in need like Jim, they send someone to investigate the matter. After that incident an officer visited him. With a helping hand and a shoulder to cry on Jim was taken to a hostel where he â€Å"enjoyed a hot bath, a shave† and most of all â€Å"friendship. † From then, Jim had been living in the local ‘Salvation Army’ hostel. Building up his confidence with the dedicated help of the officers he has open up his hope and is determined to find a job and build up his life once again. As this story was successful in Jim’s case it may mean many other cases which are there must be successful too. With this story as an example ‘the Salvation Army’ is a charity which is there to â€Å"lend a sympathetic ear and a comforting arm† and most importantly it is there to offer â€Å"true friendship† to those who are lonely and scared. ‘The Salvation Army’ is not there just to provide a temporary home but also to offer a long-term programme which enables a better future for the unfortunate homeless people. As ‘The Salvation Army’ is a charity which helps to build long term projects for the homeless, they have to find a way to make people pay attention and one strategy used is the use of emotional language. There are many examples in which emotional language is used but the main ones are: â€Å"Once in the streets, homeless people become prey to all sorts of illnesses, all potential killers. In fact over 600 people a year on the streets die on the streets. † In this sentence the word â€Å"prey† is used. The literal meaning of â€Å"prey† is a victim. This tells the reader that homeless people are victims of cold weather and the use of this word is emotional and used to make a point; it is also supported by a fact â€Å"600† making this statement true. Another sentence where the use of language is strong is † With your generosity we can give vulnerable people not only a happier Christmas but a brighter future too†. The word â€Å"generosity† is used to give an opinion of being helpful or kind. This suggests that with the help of the people outside giving donations it can give â€Å"vulnerable† people a happier Christmas and give a lifelong help of a good future. Another sentence which captures the reader’s eye is â€Å"We are the ones to lend a sympathetic ear, the ones with the comforting arm, the ones offering true friendship and support during difficult times†. The words â€Å"comforting, sympathetic† are both very emotional. They are used here in order for the reader to be aware of the good nature of ‘The Salvation Army’, how at difficult times they can offer â€Å"friendship† and show support to those who are in â€Å"difficult times†. The Salvation Army is there to help people who can’t help themselves and those who do not show help to others. The use of emotive words gives an impression of a sad tone to the story about Jim and to the life of homeless people. The two items about homelessness are very unlike as item 1 is an article from a broadsheet newspaper ‘The Guardian’ whereas item 2 is a information leaflet from ‘ The Salvation Army’. The newspaper article follows a parliamentary debate which is going to take place on the issue of homelessness. The article begins with a subheading getting to the key point about † the size of the problem†. It begins with the historical past of homelessness. A lot of statistical information is given; it also states what kind of people is most likely to be found homeless â€Å"single people, childless couples†. It also shows previous parliament records † over 8,000 people† which tells you that this debate has taken place once before. There are many facts given to show evidence of the controversial issue of homelessness. The newspaper article finally shows what the government has done to overcome homelessness; an example of this is doss houses which were â€Å"closed down†. The leaflet from ‘ the Salvation Army’ begins with an opinion, of how sleeping rough you can dread bad weather. It states a fact about living outside in the cold weather can feel like. Compared to the newspaper article which is not biased about who is to blame for being homeless, the leaflet states a biased opinion on how homeless people are â€Å"blameless† for their situation. It also states what kind of people is likely to be homeless, which is different from the newspaper article. It gives a reason for publishing the leaflet but does not give a lot of statistical information. There is a blend of facts and opinions like â€Å"over 600 people a year die on the streets† which is a fact. It also gives a reason for why they are successful by giving the story about Jim, which was a success. It does not show background information on the issue of homelessness. It ends with a paragraph on requesting help from the readers by donating money. The newspaper article gets to the point on what the article is about with a large heading in bold and capitals † HOMELESSNESS† which later is followed by sub- headings. It is set out in vertical columns which are not fully justified. It has short paragraphs and sub-headings. The paragraphs give much information in a compact place. In comparison to the leaflet which begins with bold highlighted blocks giving little facts. The paragraphs are set like tabloid newspapers also in vertical columns. There are very short paragraphs and some of them are in Italics; the font of the letters varies in style like Italics â€Å"with your generosity†¦ â€Å". It does not give substantial information on the issue. The newspaper article’s use of language is formal and direct; it is very informative stating many facts on the issue and the historical background. Like the parliament debate, the sentences are easy to understand and the sentences are balanced with connectives like â€Å"however, or†. It gives a lot of statistical information to show evidence of how homelessness is a very big issue. No emotional language is used. The leaflet’s use of language is very straightforward and easy to understand. The sentences are very simple. It has information but not in a great amount. There is a case study shown in the story about Jim and how ‘ the Salvation Army’ was a success and this can draw a person’s attention. Many financial appeals are requested using emotive words â€Å"with your generosity† and â€Å"become prey† which also catches the reader’s attention. The leaflet is based on appeal rather than factual information like the newspaper article. The Salvation Army’s main motive’s to ask for donations to help resolve homelessness whereas the newspaper article is informative and has a lot of statistical information in a more formal manner. The article appeals to me as a more informative packed story. It gives more amount of statistical information to prove many facts; the sentence which caught my eye was â€Å"90 per cent were male† as I did not think that most homeless people were male. It also begins on with what kind of people are most likely to be homeless which can tell the reader how homelessness has begun. The information on how homelessness has increased during the years shows the reader how it has become a more highly regarded issue and is something to think about. It also shows what the government is doing to tackle the problem and how at a yearly basis new initiatives have been introduced. The reader is left to make their own opinion about homelessness whether it is an issue worth thinking about and, make a public stand to it or leave it to the government to sort it out. The leaflet has a more emotional tone for public appeal on donating for a charity which is helping to reduce the problem of homelessness. The Salvation Army is a charity which is based on people’s donation to help the homeless and develop long term projects for a good future. It gives information on what kind of conditions the homeless have to sleep in. it also shows a case study to support their success. It is not as informative as the newspaper article. It has no fixed presentation device unlike the newspaper article which is all set in columns. Towards the end of the leaflet the reader is left to make a choice of feeling sorry for the homeless and donate money or is left untouched by the story about Jim.

Preserve Knowledge Essay

Dear Sir, Have you ever noticed how people live all their lives in the pursuit of knowledge and wisdom? As a society, we put so much emphasis upon enriching our lives through education and it never seems to dawn upon us that upon our demise, all of this knowledge we thirsted to have in life becomes a forgotten part of our existence. It bothers me when I hear about people committing suicide or killing an innocent person because all of the knowledge they gained in life goes with them to the grave and is then lost forever. This is why I have decided that the time has come for me to write a book that will help people come to terms with their personalities and perhaps learn to appreciate their reason for being in this world in the process. If I can touch a life and prevent even one homicide of suicide case in the world, then my book † Preserve Knowledge: The Healing of the Nation† will have accomplished its objective to save lives and preserve knowledge. Nobody really understands why people commit crimes against lives and how it affects the perpetrator spiritually. I would like to help in understanding their situation by helping them in their healing process and introducing them to other spiritual leaders who were once lost and without direction in their lives and have now become leaders of society. Only by understanding these people and their situations will it be possible for us to communicate with our inner self and soul and eventually understand how wisdom of the mind and soul becomes a reality. Through my book, I wish to help people come to the realization that when a person dies or is killed, everything he has learned in life becomes useless. There was no transference of knowledge to the living that are capable of propagating the knowledge shared with them by the deceased. By helping people to survive, we preserve knowledge and in the end the shared knowledge helps in empowering a nation. An intellectual nation is a rich nation. My book will concentrate on developing the 2 most important areas of development in a human being. These are the mind and soul. It is imperative that the mind of a person be developed because the mind can be likened to an absorbent sponge that will absorb all information that comes its way. It is like a blank slate waiting to be written upon using permanent ink. Although the mind filters information, it also helps the soul develop through logical connections and thinking. The soul on the other hand helps that knowledge we collect to become part of a person’s personality and memory database. During the times when the soul feels so tired that if seems to make more sense to end your life, a person feels hopeless. But this is not the way God intended for us to live our lives. God created man to be the highest and most intelligent form of animals because only man was tasked with the duty of taking care of our planet and recording its history. This is the main reason why all knowledge and information that each man has in his mind and soul must be shared with others. Sharing information with the right people always helps to enrich lives. When a person feels good about himself and he has the right kind of support to help him overcome his shortcomings, the nation benefits. That person will always turn out to be a valuable asset to society and whose contribution would be solely missed if he were to take his knowledge to the grave with him. This is why it is imperative that my book â€Å"Preserve Knowledge: The Healing of the Nation† must be published. So many lives are lost these days to suicide or homicide. Imagine all the knowledge that is snatched away from us. We should not allow the draining of this knowledge to proceed any further. Needless to say, only my book can show us how to do this. This is why I am imploring your help in order to see my book published. If you believe in the same causes that I do, this book will be a valuable asset to your personal library.

Occupational Therapy vs Physical Therapy

Many people might question the relationship between occupational therapy and physical therapy. Some think the professions are the same or that the terms are the same; there are a few different therapies for people who have been faced with a stroke, a disability, or any injury that has caused physical restrictions. The methods and techniques used in these therapies can overlap with each other, but both occupational therapy and physical therapy covers all aspects of the patient’s health including their physical, psychological, and mental state. Occupational therapists and physical therapists are similar when it comes to training. The fields of occupational and physical therapy usually involve the training of patients and improving the abilities of their motor functions. Occupational therapists and physical therapists share certain areas such as body awareness, strength and endurance, classroom positioning and adaptations, and sensory motor skills. They both involve accessing the medical history of the patients as well as evaluating their current performances, setting therapeutic goals, developing a plan, and applying a treatment that enables the patient to function better. After an illness, serious injury, or surgery, you may recover slowly. One may need to regain their strength, relearn lost skills or find new ways of doing things they once did. The process is called rehabilitation. Rehabilitation often focuses on occupational therapy to help the patients with their daily activities. Physical therapy is needed to help their fitness, mobility, and strength. One example of how a similar activity might be used in occupational therapy versus physical therapy is where the patient might be asked to work on a crossword puzzle or another activity. In occupational therapy, the OT would be watching to see how well the patient is able to understand and spot the words among other letters, and the patient’s capacity to hold the pencil steadily and circle the word. In the physical therapy setting, the PT might have the patient stand up at the table if he/she usually sits in a wheelchair and maintain his/her balance while circling the words. For this certain activity the gross motor controls would be more of the focus. There are also some differences between Occupational therapy and Physical therapy that may make each therapy distinctive from each other. Occupational therapy mainly focuses on evaluating and improving the patient’s functional abilities. The OT does not directly treat a person’s injury but they do help the patient gain back their freedom and their ability to accomplish their daily activities. The occupational therapists main purpose is to improve life skills and most of the time involves adaptive equipment. On the other hand, physical therapy is focused on treating the patient’s injuries itself and helping prevent further injuries. The PT will make a diagnosis and treat the physical source of the problem like the structures and injured tissues. A physical therapist studies mostly over the musculoskeletal system and the anatomy. Occupational therapists receive extra training in oral and hand skill interventions and physical therapists obtain more training in the postural development and gross motor. The common and easy dividing line is, occupational therapists work with the patient’s body from the waist up, and physical therapists work with the patient’s body from the waist down. Although occupational and physical therapy uses different methods when treating the patients, the number one goal for both professions is the same: they both solve the function of maintaining the fitness and overall health of the individual. Both of the professions make every effort to cover all the aspects of the human health such as; mental, physical, and psychological.

Marriott International Business Research Paper

Marriott International Business - Research Paper Example In the paper, one of the Fortune’s 100 Best Companies to Work For, 2011, Marriott International has been taken into consideration and the company’s profile including historical background along with a few of the organization behavior practices like group behaviors, communication and leadership approaches have been discussed. Company’s Profile Marriott International Inc is one of the leading lodging companies with in excess of 3400 lodging establishments operating in more than 68 countries and territories among others. Headquarter of this company is situated in Bethesda, Maryland, the USA and has approximately 1, 37,000 employees working across the cross border regions. The company has a standing committee consisting Board of Directors acting as a top management team leading from the front. The company deals with luxurious hotels, resorts and real estate’s around the world particularly located in the United States, Canada, Europe, Middle East, Africa, Carib bean areas and Asia Pacific regions among others (Marriott, 2011). It has been recognized by Fortune as one of the best companies to work for and also is one of the greener companies in America. The company was selected in this prestigious list due to certain changes made in the business policies by the leaders of Marriott International compared to the last year i.e. 2010. In addition, due to performing its corporate responsibilities towards the business values of the company’s ethical and legal standards along with its influence upon the environmental factors and towards the society as well made the platform for Marriott International to acquire the place in Fortune’s Best Companies to Work For, 2011. In lieu of this, the company’s pioneering products and services, diversity in ownership and its positive value towards its owners and franchisees also count for Marriott International to remain in Fortune’s Best Companies to Work For in 2011 (Marriott, 2011 ). Importance of Group Behavior in an Organization A group, in an organization, can be defined as two or more persons’ interaction with each other in such a way that each person gets influenced by the other. It can be defined in terms of perception, motivation and interactions of the organization. It is very much essential for an organization to form such a group in order to understand and analyze the behavior of people within the organization in order to achieve the desired goals of the business. From the managerial perspective, the work group behavior is a key approach where the managers of a particular organization co-ordinates with the individual’s behavior in order to expand its business. The importance of group behavior in an organization constitutes proper control on various policies of the organization, increases the motivation approach among the employees, increases productivity, establishes proper ways of communication and enhances decision making procedure o f an organization (Griffin, 2011). Importance of Communication in an Organization

Pol 211 Mile 2 Realism, idealism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Pol 211 Mile 2 Realism, idealism - Essay Example The state is supposed to develop its interests first in terms of security when considering relationships with other states. Idealists view the national interest with reference to the balance of power. Idealist administrators seek to advance their national interests. Diplomacy is the art of combining national power to produce maximum effect to the international situation that will hence affect the national interest directly. The collapse of the Soviet Union is best described using the realism and idealism concept of â€Å"Balance of Power†. This was whereby Bush succeeds in convincing Gorbachev to implementing reform efforts towards shifting the USSR into a democratic system and a market-based economy. Gorbachev allows elections under a multi-party system and the presidency of the Soviet Union. This gradually develops the democracy that goes along with destabilizing communist control and later on the total collapse of the Soviet Union (Strayer, 1998,

Annotated Bibliography for Writing Strategies Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

For Writing Strategies - Annotated Bibliography Example They write to pass a significant message to both the writer and the reader. Several books and articles have been written that talk about how to write well I certain and different fields. In this book, the author defines the act of learning as a craft in which an individual will need tools for the process. He also says that learning does not require rules; hence, a learner should have freedom of choosing any suitable method in getting information. From Clarks’ point of view, he has the tools that will help any writer to become fluent and effective in his writing. Freeman advises the society to concentrate on children natural writing mode by studying them lively, and gracefully to improve their skills of learning. Tutors should put effort in teaching children good techniques for apt learning process. Teaching children from an early age about reading and writing in different areas helps children understand the real meaning of writing. Buckner, the author of the book advises writers to learn ways of building structural foundation that will improve skills in writing. Moreover, the structure he is referring is the genre that requires a person to comprehend the elements of various writers for comparison. This book has various methods on how to become a successful writer in different fields, and tips in this book are mostly for those who are upcoming writers. Since they do not have tips and strategies for successful writing, the book has offered a list of strategic tips for them to move from struggling writers to successful ones. In this book, there are tips which talk about writing in certain professionals, and in particular those involved in the field of medicine. Health professionals also need to have reading and writing techniques that will help them have a more advanced look and writing style. Social study is a field that is taught in different institutions and seeing that social a study is an important subject and must be taken into

Examine the application of the maxims of equity in the context of Essay

Examine the application of the maxims of equity in the context of trusts - Essay Example Under trust, the trustee is a person appointed by law to hold the property on behalf of the beneficiary (Clements and Abass, 2009). In so doing, the trustee is under obligation or submitting to a form of legal obligation mainly referred to as the English law. Moreover, a trustee may be bound by onerous responsibilities, mainly those imposed by the statute, by general principles of equity, or by the trust instrument (Oakley, Parker and Mellows, 2008). What is important is that there are severe costs awaiting trustees, particularly those who neglect their duties or violate the terms and conditions of the trust. Essentially, thus, there must be certainty and clarity when setting up a trust. It is important to be clear that the trustee is bound by the trust and as such, may not make use of the property in his personal capacity (Moffat, Bean and Probert 2009). Likewise, the beneficiary’s rights must be established with clarity and certainty so that they are in a position to enforce the trust in the case the trustee has failed to observe the terms set out. The above-quoted dictum or maxim of His Lordship will form the context for examining how principles of equity are applied in the context of trusts. In maxims of equity and trust, there is no wrong without a remedy. As Moffat (2009) holds, it is the responsibility of the court of law to offer a consideration or remedy for a plaintiff even in the case where none has been provided in the statute book. This is because, as stipulated in the ubi jus ibi remedium, a remedy exists where there is a right (McFarlane, Hopkins and Nield, 2012). Suffice to say, this underlies the entire concept of equity because, until now, the common law courts completely refuse to provide sufficient remedies in certain circumstances. For instance, when it comes to the institution of trust, common law does not wholesomely recognize the beneficiary’s rights, but such rights are

WHY HAS PRISON EMERGED AS A PROMINENT FORM OF PUNISHMENT FOR MOST Essay

WHY HAS PRISON EMERGED AS A PROMINENT FORM OF PUNISHMENT FOR MOST CRIME AND WHAT ARE ITS FUNCTIONS IN RELATION TO WIDER SOCIETY - Essay Example In the last seven decades, a strong emphasis on rehabilitation, gave way to the focus of justice and fairness. In this case, sentences mainly reflect just deserts rather than utilitarian motive. There is also an emphasis on incarceration which reduces crime in the society. The crime control model has also become popular. Additionally, four major goals are emphasized in the modern prison and punishment sector which include retribution, incapacitation, deterrence, and rehabilitation. The three goals aim at protecting the general public (Smith, 2008, p. 6). Prisons are intended to serve four distinct functions: punishment, deterrence, ensuring public safety and security, and rehabilitation of a criminal offender (Flynn 1998). When a criminal is socially isolated and confined in prison, the intention is to remove this threat from society; a threat to the established social order in a region, thereby ensuring that his deviance can no longer disturb peaceful and compliant society members. Deterrence speaks to rehabilitation, changing an offender’s beliefs, values, perceptions and motivations to effectively restore his position in society and re-socialise him according to established societal norms related to morality and social harmony. The main goal of imprisonment is to give the offender adequate time to reflect on his criminal experiences and find, ultimately, repentance and remorse for these behaviours (Hanser 2012). The main function of prison is correction, ensuring that individuals who do not comply with established laws designed to uphold established social norms are punished according to their criminal deeds; hence through correction becoming more socially compliant. In essence, prisons serve as obedience education institutions. This has been the basic premise of utilising prisons to correct offenders throughout the modern era, suggesting that prisons could serve as centres of moral instruction to ensure that,

NURSING Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

NURSING - Essay Example A muscle is a vital type of soft tissues found in every organ of an animal’s body, the cells in a muscle of myosin, protein and acting all of which are vital in influencing the shape and size of an organ thus the entire organism (Blakey 77). Among the most vital muscles in the human body that enhance movement is the skeletal muscle. The skeletal muscle is responsible for the upright posture of humans. It connects bones through tendons, which act as levers thereby enabling movement. During a jog, both the arms and the legs move systematically. The lifting and dropping of the limbs during a jog arises from the ability of the skeletal muscles. The tendons in both the leg and the arm lift various parts of the limbs at the various synovial joints. Synovial joints foster the movement of various body parts in humans. Such are the most common types of joints in humans. A joint is a point in the body where two bones meet. Synovial joints have a slimy lubricant that enhances the efficiency in the contact of the bones in humans. Such joints as the elbow and the knee are among the most vital synovial joints that facilitate the movement of a body (Barnett 121). The synovial fluid requires adequate supply of blood from the arteries that share the anastomosis at the joint. Jogging engages the joints thereby heightening their activity. The heightened activity in turn increases the flow of blood through the arteries to the synovial fluid in the joints. Such is a desirable occurrence that enhances the functionality of the joints since they the synovial fluid replenishes itself thus keeping the joints functional. Regular jogging facilitates an adaptation tendency. The arteries expand thereby supplying the synovial fluid with adequate blood . This in turn enhances the production of the fluid thereby reducing the chances of people suffering from any form of joint aches breakages especially in old age. Among the movements at the joints in a

Say Yes by Tobias Wolff analyze Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Say Yes by Tobias Wolff analyze - Essay Example When everybody congratulates Ann for having such a loving and caring husband, she is a bit unresponsive to them. When she put forward a question to which she already know the answer, the way in which he replies disturbs her. The story begins at dusk, a transition from light to dark, from white to black, from good to evil etc. The conversation is based on the discussion about interracial marriage. Ann’s husband is helping her to wash the dishes. She intentionally plunges into such a situation by asking him a question.† I am black, but still me, and we fall in love. Will you marry me? . Ann expects a confirmation from her husband while asking the question. But instead of using any emotional elements, he logically states the matter.† With all things considered it is a bad idea.† He seems to know more about African American culture. He doesn’t want to act against his cultural beliefs by marrying a white woman. It is to be noted that his love has a racial u ndertone in it. But the facts he loves his wife dearly. He is considerate in all deeds. But for Ann if there is love nothing will be an obstacle on the way to marriage. But for Ann’s Husband instead of being an endearing and thoughtful person, he gives prominence to culture and race. He says that because of the cultural difference they will fail to understand each other. The different symbols used by Tobias are so powerful that we should think that he is a racist. Ann believes so. But he wants to reject that statement before his wife and tries to convince her saying â€Å"I went to school with black. And lived on the same street with black and we have often gotten long just fine†, â€Å"they have their own language †¦Ã¢â‚¬  I like them talk...†. When the verbal battle was strong Ann do her duty without much care. Her husband again puts the vessels into the silver ware. Tobias writes about it â€Å"The water had gone a flat gray†. Wolfs again makes t hink that the husband can see the world only in two colors, black and white. The writer conveys indirectly that the husband is indifferent to African – Americans. Tobias mentions about a drop of blood that fell in the silver ware when Ann plunges her hand into that and cuts her finger. The drop of blood stands as a powerful symbol and reminds the readers that the race cannot be detected from that drop. A secure understanding of each other is a must for a powerful married life. From the beginning onward the readers know that there is no such deep relation between the husband the wife. Sometimes we think that the actions of the husband toward his wife are not because of such a well-built relation but because of compassion. He rushes to upstairs to take a band aid for her and is willing to do the rest of the house hold duties. But she never takes that into account that and still cling on to the same matter of dispute. But every time the husband tries to describe his absolute lov e for her by reflecting about the past years they spend happily. When he says he â€Å"knows† her, his throat tightened and could hardly breathe. These show the contrast between his beliefs about culture and race and his humanity. Towards the ending of the story Tobias consciously uses dark night to set the problem. The husband has no other means except giving her confirmation to her repeated question. The reason is obvious. They do not know each other. It takes the husband until the end of the story to

The Benefits, Pitfalls, and Challenges of Special Needs Students Essay

The Benefits, Pitfalls, and Challenges of Special Needs Students Accessing the General Curriculum - Essay Example It is common knowledge that the society in general is more concerned with academic competence of normal students. But one factor that cannot be ignored by society is that there is a group of young people (male or female) who might need a certain amount of special attendance so that the teaching profession can attain a special status that stands apart from formal teaching procedures. This paper attempts to review such a stand which takes into consideration legal, moral, and social aspects with regard to children challenged with any form of disability and attempts to bind or conform a general curriculum which such children could be exposed to. The practical implementation of the needs of special needs students: The 1997 amendments to the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) made it clear that each student’s Individualized Education Program (IEP) should clearly describe how the learner’s â€Å"disability affects the child’s involvement with and progre ss in the general curriculum† and what â€Å"services, program modifications, and supports necessary for the child to be involved in and progress in the general curriculum† (Wehmeyer, Agran & Lattin, 2001, p. 327). These guidelines have prompted educators to reconsider how the educational programs of special needs students are designed and carried out. ... efforts should be undertaken to ensure that no misapplication or overemphasis of any component of standards-based reform must occur in the teaching learning process. The authors argue that special needs students are just like others and these learners achieve challenging standards only when there is higher expectation is demanded from them. However, there is also the danger of setting high standards and narrowing the curriculum to core content areas resulting in higher dropout rate among such special needs learners who already have difficulty and subsequent previous experiences of failure. The rationale to offer special needs students access to the general curriculum seeks â€Å"to ensure that all students have access to a challenging curriculum, to ensure that all students are held to high expectations, and to ensure that students with disabilities are not left out of the accountability system being established for schools† (Wehmeyer, Agran & Lattin, 2001, p. 330). It can be noticed that parental and teacher expectations are low for students with special needs. Therefore, it is essential that special needs children are offered such educational programs that challenge them and that everyone, including the teachers and parents, holds high expectations for their achievement. The question whether special education curriculum or the general curriculum is best suitable for special needs learners is worth analyzing. It is true that a general curriculum makes neither distinction nor marginalization among the learners. While general curriculum offers equal educational opportunities for everyone, its competency to offer Individualized Education Programs for the special needs children is quite debatable. Therefore, it is imperative that the general curriculum is â€Å"adapted,

Ethical Use of Tecnology in a Mordern Society Essay Example for Free

Ethical Use of Tecnology in a Mordern Society Essay As a result, there are more opportunities than ever for millions of individuals to engage with information technology in an unethical manner. This is why it is essential for the education systems and businesses to address the ethical concerns of information technology usage and to develop a practical code of ethics to prevent, or at least mitigate ,ethical dilemmas and infractions. In today’s organizations, ethical challenges relate to areas like fraud, right to privacy for consumers, social responsibility, and trade restrictions. For Information Technology (IT) specifically, these can translate to considerations on how technology is used to violate people’s privacy, how automation leads to job reductions, or how management information and its corresponding systems are used and abused for personal gain. I n the last 25 years, we have seen an overwhelming technology infusion affecting business, education, and society. Virtually all areas of our society have been transformed by the usage of technology. The change is important from an ethical perspective in terms of whose Information Technology (IT) workers are today and what their tasks are. In the 1980s, IT workers were mainly limited to technical fields, such as programming, data processing, server administration, and phone services. Today, IT workers are integrated into every department of organizations, they function globally, and they have access to a wealth of knowledge and information (Payne Landry, 2006). With the power and skills to access such large amounts of data comes with the need for ethical employees. The computer Professionals for Social Responsibility (CSPR) web site provides us food for thought when they state â€Å"Technology is driving the future, the steering is up to us†¦. nd we need every hand at the wheel† (Computer Professionals For Social Responsibility, 2007). So how do we prepare for taking the wheel as an individual working with Information Technology (IT) or Information Systems (IS)? A broader view of social responsibility is coming into focus; it is one that incorporates some real Information Technology (IT) flash points. Issues that have long been concerns of corporate technology managers, including security, privacy, and intellectual property, are increasingly understood as matters of ethics and good citizenship. This perspective is far from universal. The research of CIO (Chief Information Officer), a leading information technology trade journal, shows that while IT managers are very aware of â€Å"the larger effect of technology on people’s lives,† nearly half those surveyed say IT pros are â€Å"not very concerned† about it (Cones, 2008). This more global understanding of technology’s powerful role in society is not new. Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility, an organization which deals with related issues, was founded in 1983. Much has been written on technology’s impact on the way we live and work, including musings on the moral aspects of a wired society. But the sense that these issues encompass the day-to-day operations of corporate IT appears to be gaining popularity. According to Donald Amoroso, chair of the computer science and information systems department at Kennesaw State University in Georgia, it is a piece of the maturing of information technology. As the job becomes less about the technology itself and more about the information Age, the definition of responsible corporate citizenship changes too. Social responsibility has to do with being a good person in different parts of the community,† Amoroso says. It determines how you will function and do your job in a societal sense, not just as part of the community you do philanthropy with† (Cone, 2008). At the 2007 conference of the Information

Coronary heart disease in London

Coronary heart disease in London Mortality rates due to Coronary heart disease are increasing in the London and its one of the borough Newham. Newham has second height rates of early death due to cardiovascular disease (Newham PCT 2007). 68% of total population are South Asian origin ( Newham, 2008). This eassy is examine the distribution of coronary heart disease among the South Asian community in the London borough of Newham. It will look the demography and ethnicity of borough by using various epidermiolgical data to follow the situation of coronary heart disease among the various community of South Asian ethnic groups.It will also disscuss the mortality rates due to coronary heart disease in different boroughs of London. In addition, it will also disscuss the social and other factors that is responseable for coronary heart disease in the South Asian population in the borough. And at last it will discuss the various international, national and local policies and from the various service gaps it will give some re commendation and ended with conclusion. Coronary heart disease is the one of the main cause of death in the whole world, accounting 18 million death s each year (33% of total death in each year) (World Health Organization, 2001 ). Mortality rates vary considerably between countries, being lower in Japan and Mediterranean countries such as France, Spain, Portugal and Italy, and highest in eastern European countries such as Latvia and Lithuania (World health organization). Around 50% of these deaths are from CHD and further 25% from stroke. Cardiovascular disease mortality rates in the UK are currently amongst the highest in the world, accounting for 36% of premature deaths in men ( those aged less then 75 years ) and 75% amongst women . (sara stanner, 2005,p1 p5 ) Death rates from coronary heart disease are higher in south Asian (Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi) men and women than general population of United Kingdom. Across all the age groups, the death rates are 40% higher in south Asian community, with a two fold excess of deaths in south Asian men before the age of 40. South Asian women are affected at later stage. The high death rates due to coronary heart disease are common feature of all the main groups of coming from south Asia. ( Paul McKeigue Leena Sevak, 1994, p1). London, the capital of England and U.K, is the worlds ninth largest city. It has 32 boroughs, of which 13 are situated in the inner London and 19 are situated in outer London. It is the second largest region in terms of total population, accounting for 12 per cent of the UK total. There were 7.6 million residents in 2007.( National Statistics 2009 ). Newham is one of the boroughs of London. The population of Newham is about 262,116 in 2008. The age structure of the population of Newham is predominantly young as shown on the fig1 Source: Joint Strategic Needs Assessment 2008 Only 8% of populations are over 65 years old, compared to national average of 16%. This is the second lower proportion of older people in the country.35% of population are under 25, highest proportion in the country. 22% population is under 15 years old, compared to national average, which is 18%.The population of Newham is estimated to have grown by 7.5 % between the 2001 National Census ( 243,891) and 2008 ( 262,116 ). Two thirds (68%) of population of Newham are usually BMI groups. The largest group was estimated to be South Indian (32%) of which Indian (12%), Pakistani (10%), Bangladeshi (10%).There is also significant numbers of Black African(15%) and Black Caribbean(7%) people in 2006. A large number of people who live in this borough come from outside of the UK. 38% of boroughs population was born outside of the UK. This includes a significant number of people who came as asylum seekers or refugees. There is a marked change in the ethnic composition of wards in Newham between 1991 and 2001. There was an inverse relation ship between the proportion of White resident and Asian. Normally, the wards with high proportion of white residents had a low proportion of Asian residents and vice versa. For example, in Green Street east ward 65% was Asian where only 16% was white resident. In contract, in Royal dock, 61% of population was white and only 7% wa s Asian (Newham, 2008) Ethnicity by ward in Newham Source: Joint Strategic Needs Assessment 2008 Coronary Heart Disease is the major cause of death in the South Asian population in the UK and the death rates of South Asian population due to CHD is higher than the indigenous white population which is stated 46% higher in men and 51% higher in women in the south Asian community in the United Kingdom. Besides the death rates between the South Asian community and rest of the population is increasing they by day due to slow decreasing rates of mortality in the South Asian community rather than the rest of the population ( DOH, 2003). Coronary Heart Disease is prevalent among the South Asians. South Asian people born in India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Pakistan are approximately 50% more susceptible to die prematurely from coronary heart disease than the general population. A joint report by NHS and British Heart Foundation said that it is not completely uncovered why South Asian suffered more heart disease than the other group of population. There is several hypothesis have been offe red. For example, South Asian are genetically more prone to have coronary heart disease and their back ward socio-economic position may also put them at higher risk. Other risk factor common in South Asians are high level of smoking ( Particularly amongst the Bangladeshi men ), low exercise rate and taking high fat diet and low intake of food and vegetables. In addition to suffering high level of heart disease, evidence shows that Asian communities tends to be diagnosed at late stage of the disease and that leeds to poorer survival rates ( DHSSPS, 2004). . The mortality rates due to coronary heart disease in most deprived 20% areas of England is nearly 60% higher than the mortality rates of the least 20% areas of England for both sex between 2001 to 2006. The most vulnerable groups in the United kingdom for coronary heart disease are the South Asian community. Compared to national average, men born in Pakistan or Bangladesh who live in UK are more than twice chance of die due to coronary heart disease ( British Heart Foundation, 2009). Several risk factors that causes the coronary heart disease is identified after extensive statistical study. There are several risk factors pointed by the American Heart Association of which some of the risk factors can be modified or treat ed and some of the risk factors are not, causes of this risk factors are idiopathic. The major risk factors that cant be changed are usually increasing age, gender and the hereditary factor. Above 83% of people, who died due to coronary heart disease are usually over 65years old. Men are more vulnerable to heart attack then women and they are developing the heart disease early stage of the life then women. The third risk factor is hereditary, means the children are more risk of developing heart disease in their life whose parents are suffering from heart disease as well (American Heart Association, 2009). The other major risk factors that can be modified, controlled or treated to cure are discussed below: SMOKING: The people who smoke usually put themselves 2-4 times more risk to develop coronary heart disease then the non smokers (American Heart Association, 2009). South Asian people usually smoke more than the overall general population. But the level of smoking may differ in various ethnic groups. The level of smoking is relatively high in Bangladeshi community and particularly in older people. 42% people in Bangladeshi community are smoker, where only 27% of general population are smoker. 70% of the older men in Bangladeshi community aged 54-70 are usually smokes and the percentage of smoker in the age range of 30-49 is 54%. Smoking levels of South Asian women are much lower than South Asian men and lower than the women who smoke in general population. But there is marked number of Bangladeshi women (14%) are usually smoking cigarettes (DOH, 2004).Chewing tobacco is common in Bangladeshi community .19% of men and 26% of women in the Bangladeshi community are fond of chewing tobacco. Chewin g tobacco is the main tobacco product among the women of Bangladeshi community ( British Heart Foundation, 2002).Fig-4 shows the prevalence of smoking in Newham, where 46% Bangladeshi men and 33% Pakistani men are smoker and among the women the percentage is Pakistan 4%, India1%, and Bangladesh 1% ( Savings life 2007). DIET : The one of the main reason of high prevalence of coronary heart disease in UK is unhealthy diet. People intake too much saturated fat in their diet and consumption of vegetable and fruit. Total energy receive from the fat by adults is falling in a very slow rate, 40% in mid 1970s and now it is around 37%. Now the food habit of the population is changing and percentage of taking saturated fat are falling from around 19% to around 15%. In contrast, 88% of men and 83% of women still taking saturated fat higher than the normal level. The people are eating more fresh fruits since 1940s but the level of taking vegetable is going low. Now a days only 13% of men and 15% of women are taken the right amount of fruit and vegetable in UK. Among the minor ethnic groups, Indian and Pakistani men and women are taking sufficient amount of fruits (British Heart Foundation, 2009).Normally, Bangladeshi men and women are fond of red meat and fried food so their intake of red meat and fried food is highe r than the other community. On the other hand, the men and the women of the Indian community take red meat less frequently and Indian men are not fond of fried food. This food habits affects the overall fat score. The highest fat score in men is naturally goes to Bangladeshi men (22%) and lowest with the Indian men (11%) men. 27% of Bangladeshi women have high fat score compare to Indian women, they have only 8% of them with high fat score. Bangladeshi adults take the lowest level of fruits. Only 15% of Bangladeshi men and 16% of Bangladeshi women eats fruits more than six times in a week. The Pakistani Community have lowest level of vegetable consumption. Only 7% of men and 11% of women in the Pakistani community takes vegetable more than six times a week (British Heart Foundation, 2002). Physical activity: Physically activities definitely lower the risk of coronary heart disease. As a adults, 30 minutes a moderate physical activities at least five times in a week is good for health. But the Health Survey For England shows that only 40% of men and around 28% of women in this country are as active as the recommend level is. The more recent data obtained from Health Survey For England shows that physical activity is little bit increasing between men and women in all age from 1970 to 2006 ( British Heart Foundation, 2009).South Asian men and women usually avoid the physical activities. Among all the south Asian community, lowest levels are found in Bangladeshi community. Only 18% of Bangladeshi male fulfil the recommend level of physical activities, where the percentage of Bangladeshi women is only 7% (British Heart Foundation, 2002). Overweight and Obesity: Obesity is much lower in Indian, Pakistani and most especially in Bangladeshi men. Bangladeshi men are more then 3 times less obese than the general population. The weight to hip ratio is relatively high in Indian, Pakistani and Bangladeshi men. The percentage of centrally obese Indian men is 41% compare to the general population where the percentage is 28%. Among The women, Pakistani women have low prevalence of obesity and Bangladeshi women have high prevalence of obesity. The level of central obesity of all minor ethnic group women s is higher than the national average ( British Heart Foundation, 2002). Alcohol: Alcohol is relevant to the control of cardio-vascular disease in both ways. First, there is some evidence that shows that moderate alcohol drinking may reduce the risk of heart disease. On the other hand, heavy drinking of alcohol may rise the blood pressure and causes the obesity. Both of them are responsible for increasing the risk of coronary heart disease ( Paul Mckeigue and Leena Sevak, 1994, p19). Adults from all minority ethnic group excluding the Irish community less likely to intake alcohol than the national average of general population. A very small amount of Bangladeshi adults the percentage is less then 5 % and less then 10% of Pakistani adults is ever drinking alcohol at all. Compare to the men , women South Asian community is usually non drinker ( British Heart Foundation, 2002,p109). Blood Pressure: In the report of World Health Organization ( 2002) shows that marked rise of blood pressure is one of the leading risk factor of coronary heart disease (British Heart Foundation,2009). Blood pressure is similar to the levels of the Europeans, in Gujarati Hindus and Pakistani Muslims. The average blood pressure of Bangladeshis are usually lower than the European( Paul Mckeigue and Leena Sevak, 1994,p19). Bangladeshi men have 25% less chance to have high blood pressure than the men of general population. Pakistani women usually have around 25% more chance to grow high blood pressure then the women of general population ( British Heart Foundation, 2002,p130). Psychosocial Well-being: A number of psychosocial factor have been found to associate with the risk of increasing rates of coronary heart disease. They are work stress, lack of social support, depression (including anxiety) and personality (particularly hostility). The General Health Questionnaire ( GHQ12) is used assess the levels of depression, anxiety, disturbance and happiness by the Health Survey for England. It shows that women have high GHQ12 score compared to the men. 18% of women have high score. On the other hand, the percentage of men with high score is only 13%. The younger age groups has lower score then the women and men over the age of 75. There is no strong connection between GHQ12 scores and social class but there is a inverse connection between the GHQ12 scores and income, people who incomes less money usually have high score. Men living in the inner part of the London have more scores than the men of outer London. In case of women, 25% difference between inner Lond on and outer London. Among the ethnic community, Bangladeshis have the highest score followed by the Pakistani community. The percentage of Bangladeshi men and women who have high score is 28% and 30%.According to report, men has less social support then women. 16% of men are reported to have severe lack of social support, where only 12% women claim that they lave lack of social support according to Health Survey for England. Social support also varies with ethnicity. South Asian men and women are more reported to a lack of severe social support. Bangladeshi men are in the highest position with the 37% and Indian women with 34%. Diabetes: Diabetes is one of the major risk factor for coronary heart disease. Men who are suffering from type-2 diabetes have two to four fold of greater risk coronary heart disease. With more risk of coronary heart disease in women. Over 5% of men and 4% of women are suffering from the diagnosed diabetes.The Health survey for England estimate that around 3% of men and 1% women are suffering from diabetes in the UK, which are not diagnosed yet ( British Heart Foundation, 2009). The prevalence of diabetes is much more higher in South Asian community than the general population. In Bangladeshi and Pakistani men and women have the prevalence of diabetes five time higher than the general population( British Heart Foundation, 20002, p-152). The World Health Organization expresses the importance of giving focus on the major known risk factors. Smoking, diet and physical activity associated with other biological factor like blood pressure, dyslipidaemias and obesity is the main risk factor coronary heart disease, so these should be the main focus of the prevention policy. Among all the factors WHO gives more importance to take more steps on tobacco use and obesity ( World Health Organization, 2002). Due to premature mortality rates in the South Asian community ( Indians, Pakistani, Bangladeshis and Sri Lankans) and the rates are higher than national average and the difference in the mortality rates between South Asian Population and white European. Finally, the Campaigns to change the life style organised by NHS is not as effective in South Asian community as the rest of the population. So British Heart Foundation take various activities to fight with coronary heart disease. British Heart foundation produce various videos of different case study in different language for health professionals and carers such as living to prevent heart disease which focuses on prevention and management of coronary heart disease and another one is Get fit, keep fit, and prevent heart disease based on physical activities. Two booklets in Urdu, Hindi, Bengali and English. Looking after your heart which contain the information about prevention and management of coronary heart disease and Medicine for Heart about the drug information. Health advocates project taken by the British Heart Foundation to deals with prevention and management of coronary heart disease in minority groups. This project deals with the training of advocacy worker to act as a interpreter in the minor ethnic groups to translate the situation in their own native language ( /////). British Heart Foundation also run health promotion in the Melas( South Asian fair) where they run a project called QUIT which gives the service of carbon monoxide check, Blood pressure checkand diabetes check ( DOH,2004). Department of health take various policies to prevent the coronary heart disease among the South Asian like Smoking cession service which continue to give advice to qiot smoking(///). To help the South Asian community to give free advice to give up smoking, the NHS has NHS Asian Tobacco Helpline in various language. To increase the physical activity Department of Health launched GP exercise referral schme where GPs are increasing people to take physical activities, Local exercise pilot programme launched at 2003. This project takes different approaches to increase the ethnic communities to take physical activities. Department of Health also take Walking Way to Health project where DOH gives pedometer in various GP centre as a motivational tool to encourage the people to walking. To improve the dietary habit Department of Health took various initiatives such as 5 A DAY initiative where they run cookery classes to increasing the people to take fruit and vegetable. 5 A DAY logo to to give people clear and continious message to eat more fruit and vegetables. Besides that DOH also run a project called school fruit and vegetable scheme where every children( 6-8) will have a piece of fruit or vegetable ( DOH2004). Newham Primary Care Trust also takes some initiatives to prevent coronary heart disease in the South Asian community. Newham Stop smoking Service: This project delivers a evidence based intervention and effective service among the people who want to give up smoke. The hospital smoking service is situated in the Newham university hospital trust in 2005 who give advice to give up smoking among the patient who stay in the hospital. Beside that, as the Newham house hold panel shows that 42% Bangladeshi men 33% and 22% of Pakistani men are smoker the NHS is selecting a advisor in the mosque who will discuss the adverse effect of the smoking and run a anti smoking Champaign in the Ramjan Since 2004( Newham 2007). Physical activities in Newham: Newham Primary Care Trust takes various initiatives to increase the physical activities among its population. Newham Step-o-metre programme to encouraging the patient to take more physical exercise by allowing them to use a free pedometer in short loan period. The Newham gold card system allows its population aged between 5-17 to free entry to Newham leisure club for swimming and other sports. Besides that the trust takes extended school programme and school sport programme( Newham 2007) Newham Fit Club: It is a joint venture by the between the council and PCT launched in 2005.The club gives advice to improve health among the boroughs population. It has two component, open programme for all the resident to increase awareness to improve health and Targeted programme includes a range of physical activities among the Newham employee and senior swims. Food and Nutrition of Newham: There is number of initiatives are taken by the PCT to improve the nutritional status of the population. Food in School is the one project which established in April 2006. It took various steps such as training for the school cook by trained chef, encouraging the people to choose healthier food, a healthy eating theatre production , healthy laucnch packet session for parents etc. There is a pilot programme called Family Life Style programme takes place in autumn of 2005 to increase physical activities, improve the diatary habits and prevent obesity among the children age7-11 ( Newham 2007). After carefully examine the policies I found some service gaps. British Heart Foundation published some videos to improve the awareness among the South Asian community but they dont mention the how it helps the target population, either it was free or people have to buy it. The booklet published in different language is good but it must be insure that it will available to the communities. Department of Health took action against the smoking is good but need more importance. The Asian help line which gives good advice to give up smoking among the South Asian did not say that caller have to pay or not. To increasing the physical activities DOH takes various initiatives but it is too general, as in the South Asian communities, women are also vulnerable to coronary heart disease, but there are no specific policies for women. In the policies to improve the diet Department of Health is focused on the particular age groups rather than the whole population. Newham Primary Care Trust takes va rious initiatives to stop smoking is good, but as the South Asian population is marked smoker need more focus on this communities.To increase the physical activities Newham PCT took various steps but it is more specific about the age and there is no particular steps for women as the South Asian women are conservative in nature and not like to take physical activities in front of male. The steps taken to improve the food habits by the Newham PCT is only based on specific aged groups. As the pattern of food habit is different in South Asian communities so they need more importance in this sector. To improve the situation I have some recommendation in my mind, British Heart Foundation can play theier videos in the South Asian melas where large number of South Asian people can join. Department of Health can make the Smoking quary lines are free of charged. About the policies in physical activities national and local policies are too specific about the aged groups and more generalised. Government and Newham Local Authority can arrange some physical compition like race, marathon etc among the South Asian community so that they can incourage to have more physical activities. To improve the the food habit among the South Asian population I think the best way to trained the South Asian women, because in the South Asian communities usually women are cooking food for all the members. Besides that Government and Local Authority have to give more priorities in education, general health and to provide sufficient house among the South Asian and most importantly create more job vacancies b ecause unemployment is one of the main cause of stress in South Asian community. To conclude, I have to say that South Asian people are distributed largely in the United Kingdom. They are different in religious belief, language and cultural pattern from the indigenous population in the United kingdom. So the risk factors for coronary heart disease is different in South Asian population than the indigenous population. Government should be examine the demography and epidemiological factors, socio-economic factors and various cultural factors that put South Asian population in the Risk of coronary heart disease before making the policies. Reference: Sara Stanner(2005): Cardiovascular Disease: Diet, Nutrition and Emerging Risk Factors, Oxford, Blackwell Publishing Ltd. Petersen, S and Rayner, M (2002): Coronary heart disease statistics, London, British Heart Foundation. McKeigue, P and Sevak, L ( 1994): Coronary Heart Disease in South Asian Communities, London, Health Education Authority. National Statistics (2009): London Population and Migration [online] Available from: http://www.statistics.gov.uk/CCI/nugget.asp?ID=2235Pos=2ColRank=1Rank=326 [accessed 08/0709] Newham.com Publication (2008): Joint Strategic Needs Assessment[online] Available from: http://www.newham.gov.uk/NR/rdonlyres/E21461B5-9D9D-4CED-8689-09AEFE90A385/0/JSNA2008ch1.pdf [accessed 08/07/09] DHSSPS Publications (2004 ) : HEALTH AND SOCIAL WELLBEING: CORONARY HEART DISEASE [Online ] Available From: http://www.dhsspsni.gov.uk/coronaryheartdisease.pdf [accessed 08/07/09 ] Habib Naqvi ( 2003) : Ischaemic heart disease audit of primary care patients ( 2001-2002) : comparisons by age, sex and ethnic group [online] Available from: http://www.dh.gov.uk/en/Healthcare/Coronaryheartdisease/DH_4098644 [accessed13/07/09] Department of Health (2004): Heart disease and South Asians: Delivering the National Service Framework for Coronary Heart Disease [Online] Available from: http://www.dh.gov.uk/en/Publicationsandstatistics/Publications/PublicationsPolicyAndGuidance/DH_4098586 [accessed13/07/09] British Heart Foundation ( 2009): Coronary Heart Disease Statistics Fact Sheet 2008/2009 [online] Available from: http://www.bhf.org.uk/plugins/PublicationsSearchResults/idoc.ashx?docid=7480f285-ae7c-4a82-9a5e-2645112e279aversion=-1 [accessed13/07/09] World Health Organization (200)2: Life course perspectives on coronary heart disease, stroke and diabetes, Key issues and implications for policy and research [Online] Available from: http://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2001/WHO_NMH_NPH_01.4.pdf [accessed 07/04/09]. Public Health For Newham ( 2007): Savings Lives 2007 [online] Available from: http://www.newhampct.nhs.uk/savingLives07/Saving%20Lives%202007%20FINAL.pdf [accessed15/07/09]

Hamlet as Victim and Hero Essay -- Essays on Shakespeare Hamlet

Hamlet as Victim and Hero      Ã‚   Hamlet, Prince of Denmark, a Shakespearean tragedy, tells the story of Prince Hamlet, who gained the knowledge of a terrible incident that his kingdom had suffered. Claudius, the king of Denmark and Hamlet's uncle, had killed his own brother, the king, who was also the father of Hamlet, and married his brother's widow. Hamlet suffered these traumas to a severe degree, and his only relief was to defeat his human weaknesses and correct the wrongs created by his uncle.    The soliloquy selected to describe the emotions of Hamlet, after discovering the evil doings of his uncle, is found within the lines one hundred twenty-nine to one hundred fifty-nine (Hamlet Prince 71). Hamlet's first reaction was to look for a way out, which would be a common response for several humans if they were placed in that situation. He wished for death and questioned God's decision that suicide be a sin. Most human beings, when placed as leaders in a difficult situation, will look for ways to free themselves of their responsibility. Even Jesus Christ, the greatest being to walk the face of this earth, according to Christianity, searched for a way out as He took upon him the sins of the world in the Garden of Gethsemane. In St. Mathew 26:39 he said, "O my Father, if it be possible, let this cup pass from me: nevertheless not as I will, but as thou will" (The Holy Bible 1235). Hamlet realized, as Jesus did, that he was in a situation where he was the only man to do the job. T herefore, he forgot about his own death and suicidal thoughts and concentrated more on bringing his uncle to justice.    Throughout the play, Hamlet demonstrates a witty personality although he is bogged down by the knowledge of his f... ...as pulled into this situation by chance, and it was left in his hands to justify his father's death. He did what he had to do according to his own manner.    Works Cited The Holy Bible. Authorized King James Version. Salt Lake City: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, 1989. Dodsworth, Martin. Hamlet Closely Observed. New Hampshire: The Athlone Press, 1985. Kravitz, David. Who's Who in Greek and Roman Mythology. New York: Clarkson N. Potter, Inc., 1975. Lidz, Theodore. Hamlet's Enemy, Madness and Myth in Hamlet. New York: Basic Books, Inc., 1975. Shakespeare, William. Hamlet Prince of Denmark. A Pocketful of Plays. Vintage Drama. Ed. David Madden. Fort Worth: Harcourt Brace & Company, 1996. Wormhoudt, Arthur. Hamlet's Mouse Trap. A Psychoanalytical Study of the Drama. New York: Philosophical Library, Inc., 1956.   

The Perfect Motorcycle Essay -- Personal Narratives Automobiles Mechan

The Perfect Motorcycle As long as I can remember, I have always been interested in cars, trucks, and other gear-head type stuff. I think I have liked automotive things because my dad is very mechanical and has taught my brother and I more about cars than we really need to know. Luckily in the past few years I have also taken an interest in motorcycles. This began shortly before my sixteenth birthday when I found out that my brother had secretly acquired one and was keeping it at a friends house. As the story goes, my brother Mike noticed an old rusty bike leaning against a shed in someones yard when he was driving around with one of his friends in our truck. Mike asked the man who lived there if he would be willing to part with the motorcycle, and eventually it ended up at our house. That bike was certainly nothing special to look at and when I first saw it, it really wasnt anywhere near running condition. Through much of my brothers perseverance, and a whole bunch of luck, the bike began to runfirst on one cylinder, then on both. I remember when Mike first got it running my dad and I looked on as he took the first ride around the yard; Im not sure if Mike knew it ahead of time or not, but the bike didnt have a functioning clutch. We soon discovered that rolling the motorcycle down a hill and then dropping it into gear wasnt too violent and was certainly good enough for the time being. Soon after, my dad and I were both allowed to ride; I think we both realized that if Mikes bike had been such a success on such little money (free, plus a few necessary parts) there were motorcycles in both of our futures. About a month later, my dad bought another old Honda in beautiful condition, and about a month after that I bought a ... ... model for under $2000 online. I think that with some luck, I could find a CX500TC for about the same price. Unfortunately, the Turbo bikes are much more rare, and even if not more valuable, they are simply harder to find. I recall that shortly after I purchased my bike, I found a CX500TC for sale in Milwaukee (only about 1.5 hours from where I live) for $1500 at a dealership. I was almost having second thoughts about having just purchased a motorcycle, but I think I made the right decision at that time because I am very happy with my bike and I still enjoy every chance I have to ride it. The next time I am in the market shopping for a motorcycle, I will be sure to see if there are any Honda Turbos available for me to consider. Works Cited Honda CX & GL500 Bulletin Board http://cx500.gobinet.se Honda Milestone Models http://www.hondamotorcycles.com

Germany’s Inclusion as a Permanent Member of the UN Security Council: Breaking Free from its Historic Subservience :: Essays Papers

Germany’s Inclusion as a Permanent Member of the UN Security Council: Breaking Free from its Historic Subservience The Federal Republic of Germany, once a menacing dictatorship on a path of world domination, is currently the leading nation in the European Union and the third-leading contributor to the United Nations. Germany has come a long way since its reunification in 1990. It is now fully committed to a foreign policy based around peace, stability, and development, Germany is entirely committed to protecting the future of the global community. Germany maintains that the accomplishment of these goals resides in the strengthening of international organizations, specifically the United Nations, and for a more active participation by the German Republic. Germany’s active role in the United Nations can be reflected in its participation amongst the UN’s various arms, specifically the Security Council. Currently on its fourth term as a non-permanent member of the Council, Germany, with a majority of support from the General Assembly of the UN, has declared its willingness for a seat as a permanent member of the Security Council. In an effort to change its bloodied past, Germany hopes its inclusion as a permanent member would allow them to facilitate further peacekeeping missions with greater ease. Additionally, Germany hopes to increase the scope of international developmental projects undertaken by the UN. The idea of a unified federation of the world’s nations was first spawned by German philosopher Immanuel Kant in the late 18th century. Kant believed that this federation of nations would be founded on a platform of â€Å"Universal Hospitality,† in which no person â€Å"had more right than another to a particular part of the earth† (Kant). He also expressed that no country should interfere with the government of another. In addition, larger, more powerful countries shall not use smaller countries for their own gain. Such a federation would perform as a collective security against aggressors. With the conception of the League of Nations, Kant’s doctrine became a reality in the early 20th century after World War I. The League of Nations lasted from 1920 to 1946 with 63 different countries represented (Encarta). Though it lacked the backing of superpowers, such as the United States, and did not sustain its goal of preventing another world war, the League of Nations provided a model for the United Nations in 1941. Germany’s Inclusion as a Permanent Member of the UN Security Council: Breaking Free from its Historic Subservience :: Essays Papers Germany’s Inclusion as a Permanent Member of the UN Security Council: Breaking Free from its Historic Subservience The Federal Republic of Germany, once a menacing dictatorship on a path of world domination, is currently the leading nation in the European Union and the third-leading contributor to the United Nations. Germany has come a long way since its reunification in 1990. It is now fully committed to a foreign policy based around peace, stability, and development, Germany is entirely committed to protecting the future of the global community. Germany maintains that the accomplishment of these goals resides in the strengthening of international organizations, specifically the United Nations, and for a more active participation by the German Republic. Germany’s active role in the United Nations can be reflected in its participation amongst the UN’s various arms, specifically the Security Council. Currently on its fourth term as a non-permanent member of the Council, Germany, with a majority of support from the General Assembly of the UN, has declared its willingness for a seat as a permanent member of the Security Council. In an effort to change its bloodied past, Germany hopes its inclusion as a permanent member would allow them to facilitate further peacekeeping missions with greater ease. Additionally, Germany hopes to increase the scope of international developmental projects undertaken by the UN. The idea of a unified federation of the world’s nations was first spawned by German philosopher Immanuel Kant in the late 18th century. Kant believed that this federation of nations would be founded on a platform of â€Å"Universal Hospitality,† in which no person â€Å"had more right than another to a particular part of the earth† (Kant). He also expressed that no country should interfere with the government of another. In addition, larger, more powerful countries shall not use smaller countries for their own gain. Such a federation would perform as a collective security against aggressors. With the conception of the League of Nations, Kant’s doctrine became a reality in the early 20th century after World War I. The League of Nations lasted from 1920 to 1946 with 63 different countries represented (Encarta). Though it lacked the backing of superpowers, such as the United States, and did not sustain its goal of preventing another world war, the League of Nations provided a model for the United Nations in 1941.

Breed Specific Legislation

INTRODUCTION Capture Attention Last week this man attacked and wounded another man at Mt. Scott Park, here in Portland, OR. Because of his actions I need all of the students with facial hair, dark shirts, tattoos and long hair to stand up. Effective immediately, all of you will be detained by local authorities because you have been deemed a threat to the safety of our community and the citizens who reside here. Significance/Relevance Breed Specific Legislation is not a new way to manage aggressive dogs.These changes in laws tend to happen after a highly publicized dog attack takes place. This type of legislation punishes the breed, not the deed. Credibility As a dog owner who spends everyday of his life with a breed of dog often found on breed ban lists, researching BSL is as much a part of my life as my dog, Lucky. Thesis Breed Specific Legislation aims to keep citizens safe by punishing innocent and guilty dogs alike. Preview Today, I’m going to share some information on wha t Breed Specific Legislation is, how it affects dogs and dog owners. The greatness of a nation and its moral progress can be judged by the way in which its animals are treated† – Gandhi BODY I. What is Breed Specific Legislation? A. Breed-specific legislation is the banning or restriction of the ownership of a dog solely based on the dog's breed regardless of the dog's personal history or temperament. i. BSL has been around for years, but according to www. dogsbite. org â€Å"in the last decade over 650 U. S. cities have enacted BSL as a preventative measure to reduce dog attacks and bites to protect citizens. B. Breed-specific legislation is based on the premise that certain breeds are inherently dangerous and that public safety can be accomplished by banning or restricting only those dogs. C. Currently, BSL focuses not on a specific breed, but rather a type of dog. That type, as most of you know, is referred to as the â€Å"pit-bull†. The term pit bull general ly refers to a Staffordshire bull terrier, American Staffordshire terrier, American pit bull terrier, or any dog that is a cross or mix of the aforementioned breeds.A pit bull may also mean any dog that has the appearance and physical characteristics that are substantially similar to the above listed breeds. Therefore, pit bull is a type of dog not a breed. Breed Specific Legislation exists, this is a fact. Facts create norms, but truth creates illumination. II. How it affects dogs A. Breed specific laws target and punish all dogs of a particular breed (the guilty ones as well as the innocent). Well-behaved dogs of that particular breed are seen, classified, and treated the same as the dogs that have in fact bitten or attacked individuals. i.According to an article run in the October edition (2009) of the Westword, a local publication in Denver, in 2006 â€Å"after a one-year moratorium Denver began to again enforce the pit bull ban in 2005, causing a 77 percent increase in the num ber of dogs impounded in Pit Bull Row. City records show that between 2005 and 2006,  1,454 pit bulls were put down, leading to the large pile-ups of dead dogs. † ii. Unfortunately, many of these dogs were deemed pit bulls simply because the animal control officer, shelter worker, dog trainer, politician, dog owner, police officer or newspaper says they are. B.BSL doesn’t acknowledge the fact that a dog of any breed can be dangerous. Furthermore, opponents of BSL have pointed out that those in charge of law enforcement do not always accurately identify breeds, and that the imposition of penalties on dogs merely as a result of breed identification can be unjust and arbitrary. i. In July of this year, after a nearly 2-year legal battle between the City Council of Belfast, Northern Ireland and dog owner Caroline Barnes, her American Bulldog / Labrador mix, Lennox, was euthanized for resembling a pit bull, which pose a threat to society. ii. As stated on latimes. om, â₠¬Å"The Belfast City Council declared Lennox had a severe personality disorder, but his owners, the Barnes family, said he was a well-handled American bulldog-Labrador cross. After measuring his legs and snout, dog wardens declared Lennox a â€Å"possible pit bull type† and in 2010 seized him under the UK’s dangerous dog act. † Dogs are only as good or bad as their owners III. How it affects owners A. Banning a specific breed punishes responsible dog owners who have well trained dogs of that breed, while irresponsible owners who seek a â€Å"dangerous dog† as a status symbol will simply choose a different breed. . According to the AKC, â€Å"this often leads to increased costs to the community, as many owners abandon their household pets at local shelters because they are no longer permitted to own them, or are unable to comply with the strict regulations imposed on them. † ii. In many cases, the owner must choose between relocating to a different to wn or getting rid of their dog. Many of these dogs end up being housed and/or euthanized at the shelters at the taxpayer’s expense. iii. As reported in Canada’s weekly newspaper, Macleans (2004), â€Å"Experts in canine control and behavior have all said the same thing.Breed-specific bans are reactionary and ineffectual because they don't address the root of the problem: high-risk owners. † According to Dr. Gary Landsberg, a Thornhill, Ont. , veterinarian and president of the American College of Veterinary Behaviorists, â€Å"people who want to breed and/or own vicious dogs will simply turn to other breeds. † It only takes one rotten apple to spoil the whole bunch CONCLUSION Summary Statement So now you have a general idea of what Breed Specific Legislation is. Dog attacks and bites are real problems for communities and need to be addressed.Being informed on how BSL affects both dog & owner, innocent and guilty alike, has hopefully provided you with a fou ndation for further exploration. Concluding Remarks Is Breed Specific Legislation the right answer to keep communities safe from aggressive dogs? I honestly don’t know. But in closing I will say this. If those of you that resembled this man were actually detained, based solely on similar appearance, would your partners, families & friends accept it as a way to keep our community safe? You be the judge. Breed Specific Legislation INTRODUCTION Capture Attention Last week this man attacked and wounded another man at Mt. Scott Park, here in Portland, OR. Because of his actions I need all of the students with facial hair, dark shirts, tattoos and long hair to stand up. Effective immediately, all of you will be detained by local authorities because you have been deemed a threat to the safety of our community and the citizens who reside here. Significance/Relevance Breed Specific Legislation is not a new way to manage aggressive dogs.These changes in laws tend to happen after a highly publicized dog attack takes place. This type of legislation punishes the breed, not the deed. Credibility As a dog owner who spends everyday of his life with a breed of dog often found on breed ban lists, researching BSL is as much a part of my life as my dog, Lucky. Thesis Breed Specific Legislation aims to keep citizens safe by punishing innocent and guilty dogs alike. Preview Today, I’m going to share some information on wha t Breed Specific Legislation is, how it affects dogs and dog owners. The greatness of a nation and its moral progress can be judged by the way in which its animals are treated† – Gandhi BODY I. What is Breed Specific Legislation? A. Breed-specific legislation is the banning or restriction of the ownership of a dog solely based on the dog's breed regardless of the dog's personal history or temperament. i. BSL has been around for years, but according to www. dogsbite. org â€Å"in the last decade over 650 U. S. cities have enacted BSL as a preventative measure to reduce dog attacks and bites to protect citizens. B. Breed-specific legislation is based on the premise that certain breeds are inherently dangerous and that public safety can be accomplished by banning or restricting only those dogs. C. Currently, BSL focuses not on a specific breed, but rather a type of dog. That type, as most of you know, is referred to as the â€Å"pit-bull†. The term pit bull general ly refers to a Staffordshire bull terrier, American Staffordshire terrier, American pit bull terrier, or any dog that is a cross or mix of the aforementioned breeds.A pit bull may also mean any dog that has the appearance and physical characteristics that are substantially similar to the above listed breeds. Therefore, pit bull is a type of dog not a breed. Breed Specific Legislation exists, this is a fact. Facts create norms, but truth creates illumination. II. How it affects dogs A. Breed specific laws target and punish all dogs of a particular breed (the guilty ones as well as the innocent). Well-behaved dogs of that particular breed are seen, classified, and treated the same as the dogs that have in fact bitten or attacked individuals. i.According to an article run in the October edition (2009) of the Westword, a local publication in Denver, in 2006 â€Å"after a one-year moratorium Denver began to again enforce the pit bull ban in 2005, causing a 77 percent increase in the num ber of dogs impounded in Pit Bull Row. City records show that between 2005 and 2006,  1,454 pit bulls were put down, leading to the large pile-ups of dead dogs. † ii. Unfortunately, many of these dogs were deemed pit bulls simply because the animal control officer, shelter worker, dog trainer, politician, dog owner, police officer or newspaper says they are. B.BSL doesn’t acknowledge the fact that a dog of any breed can be dangerous. Furthermore, opponents of BSL have pointed out that those in charge of law enforcement do not always accurately identify breeds, and that the imposition of penalties on dogs merely as a result of breed identification can be unjust and arbitrary. i. In July of this year, after a nearly 2-year legal battle between the City Council of Belfast, Northern Ireland and dog owner Caroline Barnes, her American Bulldog / Labrador mix, Lennox, was euthanized for resembling a pit bull, which pose a threat to society. ii. As stated on latimes. om, â₠¬Å"The Belfast City Council declared Lennox had a severe personality disorder, but his owners, the Barnes family, said he was a well-handled American bulldog-Labrador cross. After measuring his legs and snout, dog wardens declared Lennox a â€Å"possible pit bull type† and in 2010 seized him under the UK’s dangerous dog act. † Dogs are only as good or bad as their owners III. How it affects owners A. Banning a specific breed punishes responsible dog owners who have well trained dogs of that breed, while irresponsible owners who seek a â€Å"dangerous dog† as a status symbol will simply choose a different breed. . According to the AKC, â€Å"this often leads to increased costs to the community, as many owners abandon their household pets at local shelters because they are no longer permitted to own them, or are unable to comply with the strict regulations imposed on them. † ii. In many cases, the owner must choose between relocating to a different to wn or getting rid of their dog. Many of these dogs end up being housed and/or euthanized at the shelters at the taxpayer’s expense. iii. As reported in Canada’s weekly newspaper, Macleans (2004), â€Å"Experts in canine control and behavior have all said the same thing.Breed-specific bans are reactionary and ineffectual because they don't address the root of the problem: high-risk owners. † According to Dr. Gary Landsberg, a Thornhill, Ont. , veterinarian and president of the American College of Veterinary Behaviorists, â€Å"people who want to breed and/or own vicious dogs will simply turn to other breeds. † It only takes one rotten apple to spoil the whole bunch CONCLUSION Summary Statement So now you have a general idea of what Breed Specific Legislation is. Dog attacks and bites are real problems for communities and need to be addressed.Being informed on how BSL affects both dog & owner, innocent and guilty alike, has hopefully provided you with a fou ndation for further exploration. Concluding Remarks Is Breed Specific Legislation the right answer to keep communities safe from aggressive dogs? I honestly don’t know. But in closing I will say this. If those of you that resembled this man were actually detained, based solely on similar appearance, would your partners, families & friends accept it as a way to keep our community safe? You be the judge.

How to shear a sheep

As the time wore on, though, I became much and more worried to the highest degree 1 bullet point- under Items to Bring, was listed A body with the strength and willingness to shape to shear sheep. Willingness, I could handle, scarcely I wasnt so certain(p) ab kayoed strength. Our classmates, whether farmers or non, would wholly be bigger and stronger than me- most throng be, statistic aloney speaking. Erin had been working out with auditory sense specific all(prenominal) toldy in understanding. Id spent the trinity months since January Joking virtually needing to split up, but, of course, never did. In the morning, when Erin and I walked up to the pre-class circle of would-be- she argonrs, our teacher was saying something about how, used to be, they well-advised you im purpose the class only If you could bench-press long hundred lbs.I assuaged my horrible sense of dread by envisageing of when Emily learned to shear (never mind that she was 1 5 then, and Im 23), th inking of e preciseones supporting tweets and emails, and swearing that, If I made It with without serious embarrassment ( nifty dark an ear, very day (which, of course, has yet to happen). afterwards a few trim demonstrations and a relation of the 5 locations of snip, t here really was nix go away to do but demonstrate it ourselves. Its Just like learning to swim, they told us, mental picture goat Jump in .We all split up into groups of four, grabbed a sheep and a pair of clippers, and got to work. To begin with, you sit the sheep up in front of you- this is first-class honours degree position. outset at the breastbone (we called it the brisket ), start shearing off the belly fleeceenlenen. Since this is the wool thats dirtiest, it helps to go ahead and get it out of the way. Its serious to shear wide enough to sterilize trustworthy that youre well-set-up for farther bulge out(p) the road. subsequently you take off the belly wool, you flow over further and ta ke the wool off the legs and crotch, sort of scooping the clippers up the secure leg, across, and down the left(a)(p)-hand(a) leg.The big hazard here is accidentally shearing off a ewes teats, so youre vatic to install up them up with your left hand (you authoritative wont shear me off now ). Emily helps me fly a tricky spot. erst the belly, crotch, and legs are clean, you rotate about 90 degrees, exchange into assist position, and start shearing her left hind leg (Im using the womanly pronoun cause, well, most sheep are ewes). Its also in this second step that you clear the wool off from the tail area, and, since her head is well accessible, shear off the concealmentknot of hook from the top of her head. I love how much Reins rejoiced in this picture. Shearing is funAfter than, you swing your legs around your sheep and into third position. Youre firing to collide with your clippers up from the brisket on the cope, and culmination your stroke (or blow, as theyr e called) under the left side of her chin. This is, in my opinion, the most thrilling- I mean that in both senses- partially of shearing. Youre unzipping the elect on the underside of the neck, and it emphatically looks and feels the coolest, Because (obviously) the sheep is covered in wool, you cant tell where the wool obliterates and the sheep begins unless you apply a very accurate association of her specific anatomy and muscular structure (more on this later).Its picturesque terrifying to print a pair of clippers into the unknown- rather, unknown, except for the knowledge that, if you make a mistake, you could cut your sheeps neck pretty badly. If one end of the delusion spectrum are nicks and cuts, then the other end of the spectrum is second cuts, which are short pieces of fleece that werent taken off with he first pass of the clippers. Second cuts cause all sorts of problems- if incorporated into yarn, they make it weaker, and cause it to pill more quickly- and so i ts important to economize them to a minimum.In fact, our instructors told us that we must not be so afraid of cutting the sheep, because, otherwise, all wed do is make second cuts. I wasnt so erect at not being afraid (but, still, I nicked a few sheep). After youve subject up the fleece along the neck, you appreciation making parallel passes with your shears- up from the chest, along the left side of the neck, ending regenerate under the eye up the chest, along the neck, end under the ear.This is the part when its easiest to take off an ear, so, Just like with the teats, youre supposed to find it, get hold of it, and make sure to bear on it out of harms way. in one case the left side of the neck is clear, you start working on the left bring up. Emily showed Erin and I a bit of weight unit-shifting footwork that helps get the sheeps shoulder in a better position to shear. The more you know about your sheep, the easier shell be for you to shear- and since shes covered in wool, it can sometimes be hard to tell. If you know shes fat, itll be, as Emily says, Easy, like shearing a beach ball.If shes flake offny, youre going to have to work a little harder to journey around the careworn hips, shoulders, and spinal processes. Does she have two teats, or are there four (ewes sometimes have an extra vestigial set) to lookout station out for? If shes a pinewood sheep with Merino heritage (hello, Corm), shes going to be covered in the wrinkles and extra skin that those breeds were bred to have (more skin = more hair follicles = more wool per sheep), and youre going to have to make sure not to nick those. If shes in genuine health, she should shear easily.If shes doing poorly, though, the lanolin (which usually melts a bit, and helps o lubricate the clippers) wont flow so freely, and instead stays thick, like wax, and gums up your clippers. I was continually amazed at the intimacy of it, and humbled by the standard of strength and knowledge required- I dont think Vive experienced anything like it in my either unmarried inch of every single sheep, and then use that knowledge to navigate a potentially dangerous emplacement (those clippers are sharp), and end up with a valuable product (7 or 8 lbs of wool per sheep).That said, its also hot, sweaty, greasy, difficult, dirty, exhausting, poppy, smelly, frustrating, and sometimes bloody. pull ourselves back to the hotel after the first day, I told Erin, If anyone ever tells me shearing like a beautiful, graceful, athletic dance between the shearer and the sheep, Im goanna paper bag me in the face, and there were plenty of Jokes about, whatever Job where your read ends goat be higher than your head- thats not a good Job So, back to business. Once the whole left side is clear, you slide the sheep down your shin and into fourth position.A big part of learning the positions is making sure the sheep is comfortable- the more comfortable she is, the less shell struggle and fight, and the ea sier it is for he both of you. Its time for whats called the long blows, which are some of the easiest parts of shearing to learn (but hardest to master). They also look really cool. You move your clippers respectable across the body, tail to head. You keep making blows along the back, making sure to keep the comb of your clippers ripe along the curve of her back, until youre one blow onetime(prenominal) her spine.After that comes fifth position swing your right leg around, pick up your sheep, and, prop her nose between your knees, start shearing down the right side- head, neck, and shoulder- rolling the sheep up towards you as you move down her body. Once youre past the shoulder, you start making cut passes down the right side- youre almost make After making those diagonal passes down the sheeps right side, all there is left to do is clear off the right leg and hindquarter. See how Erin is using her left hand to put all her weight into the sheeps right flank?That serves two p urposes- 1) it straightens out the right leg, so that its easier to shear, and 2) it tightens up the skin, so that theres less risk of it getting caught in the clippers. Honestly, theres so much skin-tightening, head-holding, ear-grabbing, leg- threatening, and teat-saving through with the non-clipper-holding-hand, you major power as well say that it did all the work Nevertheless, both Erin and I had pretty sore right 1) vibrate and 2) are dripping with motor oil and lanolin. Its not easy. But, once youve cleaned off that last leg, youre doneEmily actually took videos of both Erin and me finishing our sheep- theyre up on Faceable, if youd like to see more. And so, here I am after my first-ever sheep, grinning like a goofball. She looks like a carpet after its been vacuumed But the Jobs not over once the sheeps shorn In their varying levels of wholeness- nagging from the gorgeous waterfalls of wool produced by some of the experienced shearers to the short destroyed scragglier prod uced by all of us beginners- the fleeces were taken to the skirting table and sorted.As psyche who erred on the side of second cuts, I felt a little discredited Erin and I came away from the weekend physically exhausted, but otherwise wildly enthused about shearing- not only are we training on tagging along with Emily when shes in Virginia next, but were also thinking of going up to Maryland for the wool pool (can you say seeing a whole estate worth of wool, all in one place? ), and e definitely indispensableness to go to Maryland Sheep & Wool, too (anyone have a couch or a spare bedroom for us? ).